The popularity of 80 percent lower receivers has surged among firearm enthusiasts, DIY builders, and those seeking to customize their firearms. These nearly complete lower receivers allow individuals to create their own AR-style rifles while navigating regulations that govern completed firearms. However, before making a purchase, it’s crucial to understand the ins and outs of 80 percent lowers. Here are nine essential tips to consider before buying an 80 percent lower receiver.
1. Understand What an 80 Percent Lower Is
An 80 percent lower receiver is a firearm component that is not considered a firearm by the ATF (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives). This makes it legal to purchase without a background check or transfer paperwork. However, to complete the receiver, you’ll need to perform machining and finishing work on the lower, making it functional. Awareness of this distinction is vital, as it helps navigate the legal landscape surrounding firearm manufacturing.
2. Research Local Laws and Regulations
Before purchasing an 80 percent lower receiver, it’s essential to research your local laws and regulations regarding firearm ownership and manufacturing. Different states have varying rules about building firearms from 80 percent lowers, including registration requirements or restrictions on certain features. Understanding your legal obligations ensures you remain compliant and avoid potential pitfalls.
Barrel Profile
The 80 percent lower barrel profile affects weight, rigidity, and heat dissipation.
- Government Profile: A traditional profile that balances light weight and stability. Ideal for general use.
- Heavy Profile: Increases durability and heat resistance, which is beneficial for sustained fire but adds weight.
- Lightweight Profile: Greater maneuverability and ease of handling but may result in increased barrel whip during rapid fire.
3. Choose the Right Material
80 percent lower receivers come in various materials, primarily aluminum and polymer.
- Aluminum: The most common material for 80 percent lowers, aluminum offers durability and enhances the overall feel of the firearm.
- Polymer: Lighter and often less expensive, polymer lowers can be a viable option for budget-conscious builders. However, they may be perceived as less durable than their aluminum counterparts.
Choose the material based on your preferences for weight, strength, and overall build.
4. Check Manufacturer Reputation
The manufacturer and brand of your 80 percent lower receiver play significant roles in quality and reliability. Reputable manufacturers typically provide better machining and materials. Look for reviews and feedback from other builders to gauge their experiences. Avoid lesser-known brands unless they come highly recommended, as quality can vary widely across the market.
5. Compatibility with Components
When selecting an 80 percent lower receiver, ensure that it’s compatible with the other components of your build, such as parts kits, uppers, and stocks. Most lowers are designed to work with standard AR-15 parts, but slight variations can exist. Always confirm compatibility with the specific components you intend to use to avoid assembly issues later on.
6. Consider the Milling Process
To turn an 80 percent lower into a functioning firearm, you’ll need to complete the machining process, which involves milling out specific areas. Some lowers feature built-in guides or templates to assist in this process, while others may not.
- Self-Milling: If you plan on using a drill press or milling machine, ensure you’re comfortable with the tools.
- Pre-Made Jigs: Consider purchasing a jig kit designed for your lower receiver, as these can simplify the milling process and ensure accuracy.
Evaluate your skill level and available equipment when assessing the milling requirements of the lower receiver you choose.
7. Evaluate the Finish and Anodization
The finish of your 80 percent lower can impact its appearance and durability. Anodized aluminum lowers typically offer better corrosion resistance and a more professional look than raw aluminum. Some manufacturers also apply protective coatings or finishes to prevent wear and chemicals from damaging the surface. Choosing a lower with a good finish can enhance both aesthetics and longevity.
8. Pricing Considerations
80 percent lower receivers come in a range of prices, so it’s essential to assess your budget beforehand. Keep in mind that while a lower price may be appealing, it can sometimes indicate a compromise in quality. Balance your budget with the features and reputation of the manufacturer to make a well-informed decision. Additionally, factor in the costs of materials, tools, and parts kits required to complete your build.
9. Plan for Assembly and Tools
Finally, ensure you have the necessary tools and skills for assembly. Completing your 80 percent lower receiver requires various tools, including drills, jigs, and safety equipment. Also, be prepared for an investment of time to understand the assembly process, which may involve reading tutorials or watching instructional videos. Familiarizing yourself with the assembly procedure will make the project more manageable and satisfying.
Conclusion
Purchasing an 80 percent lower receiver can be an exciting first step into building customized firearms tailored to your preferences. However, due diligence is essential to navigate the complexities involved. By understanding what an 80 percent lower is, researching local laws, considering material and compatibility, and assessing your tools and skills, you can make a more informed and confident purchase. With the right preparation, you’ll find satisfaction not just in ownership, but also in the creative process of building a firearm that meets your unique requirements. Happy building!